Recent studies from researchers at the University of Southern Denmark (Syddansk Universitet) shed light on a significant health concern for patients using Ozempic (semaglutide), a popular medication for managing type 2 diabetes. The studies reveal a more than twofold increased risk of developing Non-Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (NAION), a rare and serious eye condition that can lead to permanent vision loss. This news comes as Ozempic continues to gain global attention, not only for its effectiveness in treating diabetes but also for its off-label use in weight loss.
What Is NAION?
NAION is a condition that causes damage to the optic nerve due to a sudden loss of blood supply. It can lead to irreversible vision loss, with symptoms ranging from loss of sharp vision to significant narrowing of the visual field. Patients with risk factors such as diabetes, high blood pressure, and elevated cholesterol are more prone to developing this condition. Patients with type 2 diabetes are already at an increased risk of complications involving their eyes, making regular eye examinations crucial. Learn how eye tests can detect early signs of diabetes to stay ahead of potential complications.
Key Findings from the Danish Studies
Increased Risk of NAION
Patients using Ozempic were found to have more than double the risk of developing NAION compared to those on other diabetes medications.
Rise in NAION Cases Since 2018
Since Ozempic was introduced in Denmark in 2018, cases of NAION have risen from an average of 60–70 annually to as high as 150 cases per year.
Relative Risk Increase
Professor Grauslund’s study found that Ozempic users had a 2.19 times higher risk of NAION, while Professor Pottegård’s research estimated this risk to be 2.81 times higher, based on comparisons with similar medications.
Absolute Risk Remains Low
Despite the relative risk increase, the absolute annual risk for an individual patient is approximately 0.2%, equating to 1.5 to 2.5 additional cases per 10,000 treated patients each year.
Implications for Patients and Physicians
Although the risk is low, the findings raise important questions for patients and healthcare providers. Professor Grauslund emphasizes the importance of balancing the risks and benefits of Ozempic in managing type 2 diabetes. For patients diagnosed with NAION in one eye, discontinuing Ozempic may be necessary to prevent further damage. Additionally, Professor Pottegård highlights that these findings align with emerging guidelines prioritizing newer diabetes medications that protect against kidney and cardiovascular diseases, which may serve as safer alternatives for some patients.
A Broader Perspective on Ozempic’s Risks
The studies build on earlier concerns raised by a smaller U.S. study that first linked Ozempic to NAION. However, the Danish research benefits from the robust Scandinavian healthcare registries, providing larger sample sizes and more reliable data. The studies’ findings are critical in understanding the potential long-term side effects of Ozempic, a drug that has transformed diabetes treatment worldwide.
Should Patients Be Worried?
Healthcare providers stress that most Ozempic users can continue treatment safely. However, patients experiencing symptoms like sudden vision loss or blurred vision should seek immediate medical attention. Discussions with healthcare professionals can help evaluate the risks and benefits of continuing Ozempic or switching to alternative treatments.
Final Thoughts
Ozempic has revolutionized diabetes care, but like all medications, it comes with risks that require careful consideration. These findings highlight the importance of ongoing research and monitoring to ensure patient safety. Patients and healthcare providers must work together to make informed decisions based on the latest evidence.
